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Finally microRNAs miRNA seem to play an important role in
2024-10-17
Finally, microRNAs (miRNA) seem to play an important role in AR signaling in BC. Some authors have described a differential TIC10 of miRNAs in AR-positive BCs compared to AR-negative ones. VEGF and mTOR pathways were also reported as implicated in miRNA dysregulation, suggesting a common underlying
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br STAR Methods br AMPK A
2024-10-17
STAR★Methods AMPK: A Therapeutic Target in the β Cell? Loss of pancreatic β cell function is a hallmark of the transition to a diagnosis of T2DM (see Glossary) 1, 2, 3, 4. AMPK activation has gained attention for the treatment of hyperglycemia in prediabetes as an insulin-sensitizing agent bec
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We found that decreased Ng levels lead to a lower
2024-10-17
We found that decreased Ng levels lead to a lower threshold for LTD induction at L4–L2/3 synapses. Previous studies in hippocampal slice culture have shown that LTD at individual synapses induces spine elimination at both the targeted synapse and selective neighboring synapses when spines are monito
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Compelling evidence now indicates that DR is
2024-10-17
Compelling evidence now indicates that DR is a multifactorial disease that involves chronic inflammation at every stage, from initiation to progression and eventually to ischemia and NV [6,7]. Data from animal studies suggest that leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and entrapment (leukostasis) are
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br Applications of ATN in clinical trials In pivotal trials
2024-10-17
Applications of ATN in clinical trials In pivotal trials, the use of biomarkers will also have to be considered in the context of regulatory risk and scrutiny. Although an important intended application of the framework is in research studies, its use will undoubtedly impact clinical development
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br Introduction Clinical manifestations of Alzheimer s disea
2024-10-16
Introduction Clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are mainly characterized by progressive intellectual deterioration, memory impairment, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric symptoms. The pathogenesis of AD remains unclear, mainly containing genetic factors, neurotransmitter disor
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A previous study reported that the serotonergic
2024-10-16
A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial
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br Experiment br Results and discussion
2024-10-16
Experiment Results and discussion Conclusion Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic specific bacterial infection caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis [1]. TB remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world. It is the second leading infectious cause of death after
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br Funding br Introduction The interest in the effects
2024-10-16
Funding Introduction The interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment continues to increase over the past decade, specifically those that act on steroidogenic pathways. EDCs that include synthetic androgenic and estrogenic compounds can severely a
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As summarized in Fig autophagy up regulation in
2024-10-16
As summarized in Fig. 1, autophagy up-regulation in terms of Beclin 1 induction, increase of LC3 II and p62 down-regulation were observed between 24 and 72 h of cell incubation, this coinciding with the end of the period 27-OH caused slight reduction of cell viability and proliferation as previously
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br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Alth
2024-10-16
Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic NKH 477 injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in morphology
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Aurora B is also very important in proper cytokinesis
2024-10-16
Aurora-B is also very important in proper cytokinesis. In the absence of Aurora-B mediated phosphorylation of Ser72 in vimentin, the two daughter cells remain attached to each other through bridges of cytoplasm; cytokinesis fails [31]. Other Aurora-B dependent proteins that are important for cytokin
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The analysis of the profile
2024-10-16
The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation in MMS-treated Pam3CSK4 Biotin confirmed that both the ATM and ATR pathways were activated in S-phase blocked cells. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Chk1 was observed 24h after MMS-treatment both in AT- and ATM-inhibited cells, whilst in the
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From an historical perspective ligands for GPCRs
2024-10-16
From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, NGB 2904 mg or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous ligands were
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br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion Major de
2024-10-16
Experimental procedures Results Discussion Major depressive disorder is among the leading causes of disability worldwide (Vos et al., 2015). One of the major causal or exacerbating factors of depression is long term stress or psychological trauma (Liu and Alloy, 2010). Dysregulation of the
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